Faucet product pages list many features with brand names attached. Underneath the branding, most features fall into a few groups: how the water comes out (spray modes), how the spray head stays put (docking), how much water flows, how the valve works, and what you can add (filters and accessories). This guide explains what each feature does, how to tell whether you need it and what to check on the specification sheet. It is based on manufacturer specifications and EPA guidance; we have not tested faucets ourselves.
Spray modes
Pull-down and pull-out spray heads usually offer two or three functions:
| Mode | What it does | Useful for |
|---|---|---|
| Aerated stream | Mixes air into a soft, splash-reduced stream | Filling glasses and pots, everyday use |
| Spray | Wider pattern of separate jets | Rinsing produce, dishes and the sink |
| Powerful or blade spray (brand names vary) | Concentrated, higher-velocity pattern | Stuck-on food, cleaning pans |
| Pause | Temporarily stops flow at the spray head | Moving between sink and pot without splashing |
Check how the head switches modes (button, toggle) and whether it returns to stream automatically. One Delta pull-down specification sheet, for example, lists a three-function wand (aerated stream, spray and a shielded spray) and integral check valves in the sprayer. See spray modes.
Docking systems
Docking is how the spray head returns and stays in the spout. Weak docking leads to a drooping head, a common complaint with older pull-down faucets. Approaches include:
- Magnetic docking: a magnet in the spout and head pulls the head into place (Delta’s sheet names its version MagnaTite).
- Mechanical latches or clips: the head clicks into the spout.
- Counterweight only: a weight on the hose under the sink pulls the head back. Almost all pull-down designs have one; its position on the hose matters, so follow the installation instructions.
When comparing, check whether replacement docking parts and hoses are available. See docking systems.
Flow rate and water efficiency
Flow rate is the maximum water the faucet delivers, usually stated in gallons per minute at 60 psi (gpm @ 60 psi). For example, the Delta sheet above lists a maximum of 1.8 gpm at 60 psi. The EPA’s WaterSense label applies to bathroom faucets (maximum 1.5 gpm) and aerators, and the EPA states it does not currently have criteria for kitchen faucets, so there is no WaterSense label to look for on a kitchen faucet.
Trade-offs to consider:
- A lower flow rate uses less water when the tap runs, but fills large pots more slowly. Some faucets have a separate higher-flow mode for filling.
- Local codes in some areas set stricter limits on flow; check if you are remodelling.
- Leaks waste far more than flow differences: the EPA estimates that a faucet dripping once per second can waste more than 3,000 gallons a year.
See water efficiency.
Valves and cartridges
Most modern single-handle faucets use a ceramic disc cartridge, in which two ceramic discs slide over each other to mix and shut off water. Ceramic cartridges resist wear well and do not rely on rubber washers that compress over time, which the EPA lists as a common cause of drips in older faucets. Check the spec sheet for the cartridge type and whether replacement cartridges are sold under the warranty.
Touch and touchless activation
Touch faucets turn water on and off when you tap the spout or handle; touchless faucets use a sensor. Both add a solenoid valve and a power source (batteries, a plug-in adapter or both) under the sink. Points to compare: where the control box mounts, how you switch to manual use during a power or battery failure, and whether the sensor range can be adjusted to avoid accidental activation. See touchless faucets.
Filters and filtered-water taps
Options include a separate filtered-water tap, a faucet with a built-in filter channel, or an under-sink filter feeding a dedicated spout. If you want a filter to reduce lead specifically, the EPA advises choosing one certified to remove lead, following the instructions for installation and cartridge replacement, and not running hot water through it. The EPA also recommends using only cold water for drinking, cooking and baby formula, because boiling does not remove lead.
When comparing filter faucets, check the filter’s certification claims, the cartridge life and cost, the space needed under the sink and whether the filter needs its own hole in the counter. See filters and accessories.
Accessories
- Deck plate (escutcheon): covers extra holes when a one-hole faucet goes on a three-hole sink.
- Soap dispenser: uses a spare hole; buy in the same finish line.
- Side spray: some faucets come with one; others make it optional.
- Air gap: required by some local codes for dishwashers; it needs its own hole.
Safety and compliance features
- Check valves in spray heads help prevent water flowing back into the supply line.
- Lead-free certification: since 1 September 2023 the EPA requires manufacturers and importers to certify plumbing products as lead free (no more than a 0.25% weighted average across wetted surfaces). Spec sheets often state compliance.
- Standards: look for compliance with plumbing standards such as ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
- Temperature limiting: some faucets have an adjustable limit stop that reduces the maximum hot water. It helps reduce scald risk where children use the sink.
Which features are worth it?
| Feature | Worth paying for if… |
|---|---|
| Strong docking | Always, for pull-down faucets |
| Extra spray modes | You often rinse pans or clean the sink |
| Touch or touchless | You cook with messy hands and accept electronics |
| Built-in filtration | You want filtered water and have space and a plan for cartridges |
| Higher-flow fill mode | You fill large pots often |
See also kitchen faucet types and how to choose a kitchen faucet. All feature guides are under Faucet Features.
